Specific gravity is also called relative density. The specific gravity of a solid or liquid is the density of the substance (completely dense state) and the density of pure H2O at standard atmospheric pressure, such as 3.98°C. The ratio of density (999.972 kg/m3). The specific gravity of a gas refers to the ratio of the density of the gas to the density of air under standard conditions. The specific gravity of a liquid or solid tells whether they sink or float in another fluid. Specific gravity is a dimensionless quantity, that is, specific gravity is a unitless value and generally changes with temperature and pressure. The abbreviation for specific gravity is s.g.
Density is a measure of the mass within a specific volume. Density is equal to the mass of an object divided by its volume. It can be represented by the symbol ρ, the International System of Units and the Chinese legal measurement unit. , the unit of density is kg/m3.
On the surface, the values of specific gravity and density are relatively close. The density of an object does determine the specific gravity of the object. The specific gravity of an object is a specific manifestation of the density of the object, so it is called relative density. The density of an object reflects the intrinsic characteristics of the object, which is the mass of the object per unit volume. The mass is determined;the specific gravity of the object reflects the weight of the object per unit volume. The weight is caused by gravity and will change. . Density is absolute, specific gravity is relative. In addition, according to the document recommendations of the Symbolic Units and Terminology Committee of the International Association of Pure Applied Physics in 1978, my country has canceled the concept of specific gravity and replaced it with the concept of density.
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