What is the function of the cylinder gasket? Cylinder gasket material, cylinder gasket pictures

What is the function of the cylinder gasket?


The function of the cylinder gasket is to fill the tiny pores between the cylinder block and the cylinder head to ensure good sealing at the joint surface, thereby ensuring the sealing of the combustion chamber and preventing cylinder air leakage and water jacket leakage.





The cylinder gasket should be strong enough and resistant to pressure, heat and corrosion. It also needs a certain degree of elasticity to compensate for the roughness and unevenness of the top surface of the body and the bottom surface of the cylinder head, as well as the deformation of the cylinder head due to gas forces when the engine is operating. The cylinder gasket is in direct contact with high-temperature and high-pressure gas, so it is easily ablated during use, especially around the cylinder mouth curling edge. After the cylinder gasket is burned, the working condition of the engine will be seriously deteriorated, and it is easy to cause damage to certain related parts or parts.

There are two types of cylinder gaskets. One is a metal asbestos gasket, which uses asbestos as the base and is covered with copper or steel. Some use braided steel wire or rolled-hole steel plates as the skeleton, and some add metal rings around the cylinder holes to increase strength. The advantage is that the price is lower, but the strength is weaker. Because asbestos is carcinogenic to the human body, its use has been stopped in developed countries. The second type is that the metal gasket is made of a single piece of smooth steel plate, with elastic ridges at the sealing point, and the seal is sealed by the elasticity of the ridges and the action of heat-resistant sealant. It has been widely used abroad. Its advantages are high strength and good sealing effect, but the cost is relatively high.








Introduction to cylinder gasket materials


There are two main types of cylinder gaskets that are widely used at present, namely metal-asbestos cylinder gaskets and pure metal cylinder gaskets.





The structure of a metal-asbestos cylinder gasket is shown in Figure (a) below. The outer layer of this type of cylinder gasket is copper skin or steel skin, and the inner layer is made of asbestos material sandwiched with metal wires or metal shavings. At the same time, in order to prevent ablation, the There are rims around the water hole and combustion chamber hole for added strength. Metal materials have good heat dissipation, while asbestos has good heat resistance and elasticity, which can improve the sealing performance of the cylinder.



When installing, special attention should be paid to making the smooth side of the cylinder gasket face the cylinder block, otherwise it will be easily damaged by high-pressure gas. Metal-asbestos cylinder gasket is the most commonly used type of cylinder gasket at present. Cars such as Audi 100, Volkswagen Jetta, Toyota Camry and other cars all use this type of cylinder gasket.








The structure of a pure metal cylinder gasket is shown in (c) above. This type of cylinder gasket is basically made of a single or multi-layer metal sheet (mild steel or copper). In order to strengthen the seal, elastic ridges are punched around the cylinder hole, water channel hole and oil hole, and the elasticity of the ridges is used to achieve sealing. For example, the cylinder gasket used in Hongqi CA7560 car is this kind of cylinder gasket.







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