Pneumatic actuators in pneumatic transmission convert the pressure energy of compressed gas into mechanical energy. There are two types of cylinders: those that perform reciprocating linear motion and those that perform reciprocating swing. Cylinders for reciprocating linear motion can be divided into four types: single-acting, double-acting, diaphragm and impact cylinders.
① Single-acting cylinder: There is a piston rod at only one end. Air is supplied from one side of the piston to accumulate energy to generate air pressure. The air pressure pushes the piston to generate thrust and extends, relying on a spring or Return by weight.
②Double-acting cylinder: Air is supplied alternately from both sides of the piston to output force in one or two directions.
③Diaphragm cylinder: Use a diaphragm instead of a piston, only output force in one direction, and use a spring to return. It has good sealing performance but short stroke.
④Impact cylinder: This is a new type of component. It converts the pressure energy of compressed gas into the kinetic energy of high-speed (10-20 meters/second) movement of the piston to perform work. The impact cylinder adds a center cover with a spout and a drain port. The middle cover and piston divide the cylinder into three chambers: air storage chamber, head chamber and tail chamber. It is widely used in various operations such as blanking, punching, crushing and forming. The cylinder that swings back and forth is called a swing cylinder. The inner cavity is divided into two by a blade, and air is supplied to the two chambers alternately. The output shaft swings with a swing angle of less than 280°. In addition, there are rotary cylinders, gas-liquid damping cylinders and stepping cylinders.
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